Tuesday, June 9, 2020
अपने सीनियर से नाराज हुए तो वापस जालंधर जाकर SCIENTIFIC OPINION नाम की पत्रिका शुरू कर ली- जानिए भारत के दूसरे Kalinga Prize Winner के बारे मे।
लेकिन आर्थिक तंगी के कारण पत्रिका बंद करनी पड़ी और वे 1976 मे सोमालिया चले गये।
Friday, June 5, 2020
भारत के पहले Kalinga Prize Winner - Jagjit Singh ( पंजाब के अमृतसर मे 15 May 1912 को जन्मे)
" पिछले रविवार जिन विधार्थियो ने जगजीत सिंह का Article नही पढ़ा वो कक्षा मे ना आये " जी हाँ सही पढ रहे है आप। यही लिखा होता था लखनऊ के Professor डी पी सिंह, Professor of Economics, लखनऊ विशवविद्यालय,की कक्षा के बाहर। खुद जब जगजीत सिंह को ये बात पता चली तो उन्होंने ज्यादा लिखना शुरू कर दिया।
जगजीत सिंह पहले भारतीय थे जिन्हे विज्ञान को लोकप्रिय बनाने के लिए लिखा और उन्हे Kalinga prize दिया गया। जगजीत सिंह ने अपना लेखन कार्य National Hearald नाम के अखबार से शुरू किया था। जगजीत सिंह ने पंजाब विश्वविद्यालय, लाहौर M A गणित मे पास किया था। सिंह के पिता जी नेे जलियावाला बाग मे 1919 मे हुई इतिहासिक सभा मे भाग लिया था । सिंह शुरुवात मे पढाई मे अच्छे नही थे लेकिन बाद मे पूरण चंद नाम के अध्यापक ने उनमें विज्ञान के प्रति जागरूकता को बढ़ाया।
थोड़े ही समय मे गणित उनका पसंदीदा विषय बन गया। हालाँकि बाद मे उन्होंने भारतीय रेलवे मे नोकरी कर ली। लेकिन नोकरी के साथ साथ उन्होंने बहुत सारे शोध पत्र भी लिखे।
शुरुवात मे जब सिंह ने विज्ञान के लिए लिखना शुरू किया तो संपादक उनके काम को शक की नजर से देखते थे क्युकि उनको लगता था की रेलवे का कर्मचारी कहा विज्ञान के लिए लिखने निकल पड़ा। उन्होंने ११ किताबे प्रकाशित की। जिनमे से कुछ प्रमुख के नाम है, MATHEMATICAL IDEAS: their nature and use, Modern Cosmology, and Some Eminent Indian Scientist. कुछ किताबे विदेश मे Japanese और Dutch भाषा मे भी प्रकाशित हुई।
उनके आलोचक जब उनकी आलोचना करते तो वह कहते की अगर ऐसा लिखु जो पढ़ने मे बहुत आसान हो इसका मतलब आप पहले से ही जानते हो की क्या लिखा है,फिर लिखने का क्या फायदा। वो कहते जब लोग जब नया पढेगे तो ज्ञान बढ़ेगा और ज्ञान ही शक्ति है। उनको लगता था कि दैनिक जीवन मे बोली जाने वाली भाषा विज्ञान मे हुए विकास के साथ कदम मिलाकर नही चल सकी।
सिंह 1962 मे दक्षिण उत्तर रेलवे से प्रबंधक के पद से सेवामुक्त हुए।
विज्ञान के लोकप्रियकरण के लिए कलिंग पुरस्कार लोगों को वैज्ञानिक विचारों को प्रस्तुत करने में असाधारण कौशल के लिए यूनेस्को द्वारा दिया गया एक पुरस्कार है। इसे 1952 में भारत में कलिंग फाउंडेशन ट्रस्ट के संस्थापक अध्यक्ष बीजू पटनायक के दान के बाद बनाया गया था।
Sunday, May 24, 2020
NEED OF SCIENCE JOURNALISM IN INDIA
INTRODUCTION - There is an ever-growing demand for Scientific, Technological, Medical, and Environmental to be made public so that general mass can be benefit from it. Science Journalism increase scientific awareness in the society. A scientific society will be a more developed society always. Science Journalism is one of the best mediums to convey the latest scientific developments. To enjoy the developments in Science and Technology and use it effectively, efficiently, and economically for the betterment of lives and lifestyle, the public needs enhanced access to S&T information. But we hardly see the science news in newspapers, TV channels regularly. Also, many times news channels convey wrong facts about science. But regular science updates that are directly or indirectly related to daily life must be conveyed to the people. Only the Indian constitution consists of the commitment to develop scientific temper among the mass of the country.
CURRENT SITUATION IN INDIA - DD Science and India Science - two new science channels were launched in India on 16 July 2019 to boost scientific temperament among the people. It was a great initiative by the present government. But if we look at newspapers, only THE HINDU newspaper gives regular editorial on science. Not a single private media house promoting science journalism. If we want to encourage our students to chose science as a career, we will have to motivate them through different programs. Department of science and technology(DST), National Council for Science & Technology Communication (NCSTC), Vigyan Prasar(VP), and National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources(NISCAIR) are key institutes communicating science.
Science Magazines In India
· Resonance, published by Indian Academy of Sciences
· Dream 2047, published by Vigyan Prasar
· Sandarbh
· Safari
WHERE ARE THE GAPS? There are so many fills in the blank in science journalism. Journalists do not have a basic science background so how they can explain science news to the common man. With communicating the latest developments in S&T, science journalism should also play a key role to inform about the best opportunities in INDIA. In school and higher education, there is no option for students and parents to know about the options available in science.
Most magazines published in English only while we have a large number of people who can not understand. Many people understand the regional language more effectively. A report from the International Research Development Centre, states that difference between the developed and developing, rich and poor country, is the knowledge gap- capacity to generate and use of scientific knowledge.
ROLE OF SCIENCE JOURNALISM- The space given to science in different media of country is a parameter of quality of life of its average citizens.
1. To inform policymakers and the public about science.
2. To make aware of mass about S&T advances and their implications.
3. To develop the scientific temper among masses, especially among children.
4. To motivate and inspire the young minds to take up as science their career.
5. To improve living standards.
6. To improve scientific literacy.
7. To generate support of the government and public for science.
8. To equip the public with scientific tools.
9. To highlights the problem of the public for scientific resolutions.
10. To motivate students to find solutions to their local problems with the help of science.
USE OF SOCIAL MEDIA-Today we have many options like Facebook, YouTube, and Instagram. It can be an effective medium to make aware public about science and technology developments.
We need a dedicated science platform not only for communicating science but to mentor the students also. A science platform that can provide information on financial assistance, scholarships, and other options available in science. Knowledge is the most powerful word in the modern world because knowledge is power. Promoting science journalism is, in fact, accelerating the vehicle which can make India a knowledge superpower.
Thursday, April 30, 2020
HOW DANGEROUS YOUR HEADPHONES
USE OF HEADPHONES - The number of headphones/headsets sold worldwide has increased from 236 million in 2013 to an estimate of 360 million in 2019. The number shows the importance of the device.
Today, life without a mobile phone can not be imagined. Similarly, the use of mobile phones without headphones is tough to imagine. It is a very important device. People usually going on buses, trains, and planes to carry headphones to listen to music. Also, people use it for the morning walk, the evening walk, runnings, and exercise. In the market, you can get earphones or headphones of the different companies from a very high price at a very low price. Many local companies are making headphones and selling at a very cheap price. Generally, people see the low price and buy headphones.
USE CAREFULLY - The human hearing range is 20Hz to 20kHz. I tried to find the frequency range of leading company headphones from its websites.
- APPLE - 5Hz and 21kHz
- SONY - 12 Hz–22kHz
- JBL- 20 Hz - 20 kHz
- PHILIPS - 12 - 23 kHz
- SAMSUNG - 20 to 20kHz
More you can find on different websites. Now the second important parameter for which you should be careful is the decibel(dB). I tried to find decibels ranges.
180 dB: Rocket at take-off
140 dB: Jet engine at take-off
120 dB: Rockband
110 dB: Thunder
90 dB: City traffic
80 dB: Loud radio
60 dB: Ordinary conversation
30 dB: Whisper
0 dB: Softest sound a person can hear
All sounds above 90 dB are damaging the inner ear and even doing irreversible damage above 120 dB.
YOU KNOW & YOU DO NOT KNOW - You know a very well loud voice means high decibels is harmful to your ear. But research publishes in royal society, Sounds that the human ear is unable to detect can affect the inner ear and possibly make it temporarily more prone to damage. This is the conclusion of a study from the Ludwig Maximilian University in Munich, Germany. The study shows that being exposed to inaudible sounds for only 90 seconds can affect the inner ear. It damages the inner part cochlea of the inner ear.
In the cochlea, sound waves are transformed into electrical impulses that are sent on to the brain. The brain then translates the impulses into sounds that we know and understand.
There is a solution to use headphones safely. Please download a sound meter app on your phone and use it whenever to buy ou use headphones to check decibels. Set volume of headphones at 60% of total capacity.
KEEP USING, KEEP SAFE
Sunday, April 26, 2020
HOW SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY COMMUNICATION ALLEVIATE RURAL POVERTY IN INDIA
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY COMMUNICATION - S & T communication is the practice of informing, educating, sharing wonderment, and raising awareness of science-related topics. Science communication may generate support for scientific research or study or to inform decision making. Now in India so many NGOs on national and state levels are working to enhance scientific awareness in the general public. But today we need to focus on rural areas.
According to RBI, rural areas as those with a population of less than 49,000. It is generally said that rural areas house up to 70% of India's population. There is a great challenge in front of the government on how to alleviate poverty from the rural area. S & T have a key role in alleviating rural poverty in India.
ROLE OF GOVERNMENT - For each state government it is very important to communicate science and technology in its rural population. State governments have a big network of schools in almost every village. Govt can use this big network of school as "BRAHMASTRA" in science and technology communication.
The relation between teachers and local people in villages is more collaborative than in urban areas. For example, when the government failed to provide teachers in school, many times local people collect money to arrange a teacher in the village school.
Role of NGOs - Many NGOs' are working in the field of science communication. Professors, young researchers, and teachers are working with such NGOs. NGOs need to change its direction. Although it is not easy for NGOs like the government. But if the State Science and Technology Council of each state should support NGOs, which are working in science and technology communication.
Indian Villages - In India there was a total of 649,481 villages according to census 2011. Obviously, today's number may be more than the previous numbers. Each village has a unique economic model. In many villages, people do fish farming, poultry farming, dairy farming, and other small business. Also, there are large possibilities for developing more business in each village. If the best technology will be provided to them, it will generate more jobs in the area. This will help to alleviate poverty and also help to address migration towards the urban area.
Not only economically but S & Thas a key role to save natural resources. A big number of the population suffer from health issue to impure drinking water. Also, people face a big problem of drought in their area due to lower earth water levels. Although many people have fields they can not do farming. Here is the science and technology communication that has a crucial role. How these problems can be avoided. If timely, government and NGOs jointly communicate how to save rainwater and make water recharging points it will help a lot.
For example, a village "SANGHE KHALSA" in the sub-tehsil in Jalandhar in Punjab was suffering for water for crops due to low water levels. Local people decided to do something and they talk to experts about what can be done to solve it. Simply they find the spots in their village where more water collects in the raining season. Also, they cleaned all the old wells of the village which was full of garbage and plastics. They use long pipes and collected all water from village streets, fields and other places in well. They made wells water recharging points and save every drop of water. Here how science and technology communication can play a big role.
Challenges in Communication S & T - Communicate science and technology in a rural area is very challenging. The biggest challenge is language, people in the rural area are comfortable with the local language but all research work is done in English. One-third part of the population does not know English. But if we see many villages have some science-based projects form a long time ago. We need to enquire and understand how they find such projects in those times. Even research institutes are not knowing the local needs of the rural population.
How to involve local universities and inspire young researchers to address local villages issues. How to engage local engineering colleges to find the best technology that can solve problems of their local villages. This issue can be addressed with capacity building in local Engineering & PG students of science. Govt should mandatory for Engineering & PG students to go to some village and address their issue with the help of science and technology.
Impact on Rural Population - It will also help to increase the GDP of the country. The government will get an idea to make policy that will be different and more scientific. Migration from rural to urban areas will reduce. When people get jobs automatically it will help to alleviate rural poverty from the rural area. More research will be focussed on local problems. Our rural population will be more wealthy more healthy.
Friday, April 24, 2020
NATURE IS WAITING FOR OUR REPLY
Hi there, do you see me, feel me and think about me? I am Earthu. I am one of the members of the family of STARS on which life exists. Due to my friends, Watu, treen life exists and due to life, I have more friends.
Earthu
I love all my friends equally. You all have listened to the name of other family members but again telling the name of other members are, Neptune, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus. You are thinking my name is a little different, yes you are absolutely right.
My Early Life - I wanted to tell my life story. I came into existence around 4.5 billion years ago. My actual date of birth nobody knows. After struggling long times, I reached the stage so humans can survive. The earliest time that life forms first appeared on my home is at least 3.77 billion years.
I was so happy with my friends, Watu, treen, and others. I have one best friend Sun which is very big for all our members. We all move around the sun. Sometimes we play games with the sun. My other family members jealous of me, like Venus, said to me every time you are lucky one earth, how cool you are. I am burning every time. Others also said to me you are lucky to have friends like Watu, Treen, and others.
The Change in My Life - My life does not change suddenly. In early life, I was happy with my new friendship with humans. Humans are given to me and my friends. My friends were also given many things to humans for their survival. All things were going well. We all were enjoying it. humans behavior changed with time, they demand more from my friends. Humans start factories and take a huge amount of water from my friend Watu. Earlier it was a rule with all whatever taken from my friends gives back with the same purity. But humans start violation of the rule. He gives back polluted water.
My friend Watu ask me weather I denied giving water for drinking or another purpose. But what I am getting back. I just expect what I give please give me back. He is very angry. He said I am not getting my food, oxygen but getting very harmful chemicals. The species living with me are dying day by day.
He also said humans do not know I have a limited amount. He said it's true I am on 71% on your surface but humans do not know all not drinkable One day the amount will finish and humans have to drink the same water that they are giving back to me. They are thinking water purifier will give pure water. They do not know I have special things in my water for humans but purifiers extracting those things.
The same thing happens with my friend Treen, he is very greenish and beautiful. He covers 31% of my total area. One day he came to me and told, Humans, cutting my trees but not planting new trees. They are violating the rule. I am not getting my food carbon dioxide. Humans cheating me taking my big trees and giving small once. Day by day my tress are decreasing in numbers.
My all friends are compliant with me. They are saying please make understand to humans about our health. if they will not understand, Eco-heath of this blue member of the planet family will disturb.
Ray of Hope - My all friends and me were very sad. One day an unknown person. came to meet us. We ask who are you. He said my name is Natu and I am your best friend. He is looking very powerful. We ask, can you help us. He said yes I am here for all of you. I said my all friends are very unhappy even they are struggling with their life. I have no existence without my friends. I told him, how humans, destroying the life of my friends. They are violating every rule.
Natu replied that I will try to help you. After each time interval, he starts sending messages to all humans in different forms like an earthquake which warns against unethical developments. Some times in the different forms of the pandemic. We ask Natu whether humans will understand or not. Natu said humans are also part of eco-health. If humans will not stop these things or try to destroy your friends then there will be a question mark on human life.
Earth's friends Natu, Watu, Treens, and others are waiting for Human's replies.
Tuesday, April 21, 2020
UNSUNG HERO OF SCIENCE IN INDIA - Dr. RUCHI RAM SAHNI
Highlights of The Article - In this article you will come to know how the Ruchi ram Sahni was different from other scientists and the educationalist in the pre-independence era. How much contribution given by Sahni and his family in Indian science history. His collaborations with Rutherford will give an idea of his quality of research. He was the first person in that time who do great work in the field of science popularization in Punjab. He was a devoted social worker. Lets Start
The Popularization of Science in Punjab - Punjab before the independence was extended to Haryana, Himachal, Lahore and other areas of Pakistan. Dr. Ruchi Ram Sahn was the first educationist who wanted to create awareness about science with the help of science popularization in Punjab. In that time no one thinking to do. In 1885 RRS established Punjab Science Institute in Lahore for science popularization. He worked to improve the quality of science teaching in schools and colleges. To fulfill the objectives a workshop was attached to it for repairing and manufacturing simple science equipment. Because he thought that without such practicals experience science teaching not possible. The product produced by the workshop was of standards equal to a British firm. He worked to improve the quality of science teaching in schools and colleges. Jawahar Lal Nehru mentioned Scientific Temperament and its need for society in his book "DISCOVERY OF INDIA" in 1944. Once the workshop awarded a Gold medal in Kolkata, the judge of the competition was Sir J.C. Bose.
Sahni & Son's contributions - RRS was the first Indian who started work on the atomic nucleus. He first went to Germany and then Manchester for his research work. He worked with Rutherford and publish two research papers in Nature journal. In Manchester, he undertook the study of alpha scattering in radioactive cosmic rays emissions. The results were communicated by Rutherford himself in Philosophical Magazine.
Unfortunately, when he was returning from Manchester, his photographic plates damaged and his carrier ends in that field. He established a sulphuric acid factory in Lahore and he was assisted by Prof. P.C. Ray. He was interested in the Agriculture field and written three famous books.
a) Kheti Ki Pehli Kitab
b) Kheti Ki Dusri Kitab
c) Kheti Ki Tisri Kitab.
Dr. Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar was a student of RRS at Dayal Singh College, Lahore. Bhatnagar was very inspired by RRS and RRS took a keen interest in the study of Bhatnagar. Today we all know the contribution of Bhatnagar in Indian Science. In 1942 Bhatnagar established the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research(CSIR). While recall-ing, the influences of his teachers in him Bhatnagar writes:
“Prof. Ruchi Ram Sahni took a special interest in me and was largely
responsible for the award of a scholarship from the Dyal Singh College
Trust for my studies abroad.
In 1946 his son and known Paleobotanist, Birbal Sahni established Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences in Lucknow. His other son Mulk Raj Sahni founded the Department of Geology in Punjab University Chandigarh.
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1. He was first Indian to elect as a fellow of ROYAL SOCIETY in 1918. 2. G.H HARDY (P.hD. Guide of RAMANUJAN) wrote about Ramanujan, ... -
" पिछले रविवार जिन विधार्थियो ने जगजीत सिंह का Article नही पढ़ा वो कक्षा मे ना आये " जी हाँ सही पढ रहे है आप। यही लिखा होता था... -
Highlights of The Article - In this article you will come to know how the Ruchi ram Sahni was different from other scientists and the ed...